Loss of Epidermal p38α Signaling Prevents UVR-Induced Inflammation via Acute and Chronic Mechanisms

UVB is a component of solar radiation primarily responsible for causing damage and cancer in irradiated skin, and disrupting immune homeostasis. The immediate harm and long-term health risks of excessive sunlight exposure are affecting the lives of nearly all people worldwide. Inflammation is a key mechanism underlying UVB's various detrimental effects. Here we show that activation of the protein kinase p38 alpha, is restricted to the epidermis in UVB-exposed skin, and that p38 alpha ablation targeted to the epithelial compartment is sufficient to suppress UVB-induced inflammation. Mechanistically, loss of epithelial p38 alpha signaling attenuates the expression of genes required to induce vascular leakage and edema, and also increases the steady-state abundance of epidermal gamma delta T cells, which are known to promote the repair of damaged epidermis. These effects of p38 alpha deficiency delineate a molecular network operating at the organism environment interface, and reveal conditions crucial to preventing the pathology resulting from sun-damaged skin.