Journal
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 210, Issue 1, Pages 79-88Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiu064
Keywords
Salmonella Typhi; virulence polysaccharide Vi; prohibitin; T cells
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Funding
- National Institute of Immunology by the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India
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T cells are critical to immunity against pathogenic Salmonella including Salmonella Typhi which causes systemic infection, typhoid, in humans. The strategies that this pathogen employs to keep T-cell mediated immune responses in check during establishment of systemic infection are not completely understood. Here, we show that the virulence polysaccharide Vi, which distinguishes S. Typhi from localized gastroenteritis-producing non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars, is a potent inhibitor of T-cell activation. Vi released by S. Typhi interacts with the membrane prohibitin complex and inhibits IL-2 secretion from T cells stimulated through the T-cell receptor (TCR) but does not affect PMA-activated interleukin 2 (IL-2) secretion. Treatment with Vi suppresses early activation events including TCR down-regulation, actin polymerization, and phosphorylation of ERK. Coadministration of Vi with anti-CD3 Ab reduces secretion of IL-2 and interferon. in mice. Our findings reveal a mechanism by which S. Typhi may target T-cell immunity during establishment of typhoid.
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