Journal
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 209, Issue 11, Pages 1801-1807Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jit815
Keywords
seroprevalence; Entamoeba histolytica; HIV-1; anti-E; histolytica antibody; amebiasis
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Funding
- Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare of Japan [H25-promotion-general-014]
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Background. Anti-Entamoeba histolytica antibody (anti-E. histolytica) is widely used in seroprevalence studies though its clinical significance has not been assessed previously. Methods.aEuro integral Anti-E. histolytica titer was measured at first visit to our clinic (baseline) in 1303 patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The time to diagnosis of invasive amebiasis was assessed by Kaplan-Meier method and risk factors for the development of invasive amebiasis were assessed by Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis. For patients who developed invasive amebiasis, anti-E. histolytica titers at onset were compared with those at baseline and after treatment. Results.aEuro integral The anti-E. histolytica seroprevalence in the study population was 21.3% (277/1303). Eighteen patients developed invasive amebiasis during the treatment-free period among 1207 patients who had no history of previous treatment with nitroimidazole. Patients with high anti-E. histolytica titer at baseline developed invasive amebiasis more frequently than those with low anti-E. histolytica titer. Most cases of invasive amebiasis who had high anti-E. histolytica titer at baseline developed within 1 year. High anti-E. histolytica titer was the only independent predictor of future invasive amebiasis. Anti-E. histolytica titer was elevated at the onset of invasive amebiasis in patients with low anti-E. histolytica titer at baseline. Conclusions.aEuro integral Asymptomatic HIV-1-infected individuals with high anti-E. histolytica titer are at risk of invasive amebiasis probably due to exacerbation of subclinical amebiasis.
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