Journal
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 208, Issue 10, Pages 1705-1716Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jit389
Keywords
intestinal colonization; yeasts; candida albicans; amerindians; whole-genome sequencing; MLST
Categories
Funding
- Agence Francaise de Securite Sanitaire de l'Environnement et du Travail [ES-05-01, EST-09-21]
- Agence Nationale pour la Recherche [05-9-114]
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) [C06-18, C10-19]
- Centre National de Reference Resistance bacterienne dans les flores commensales
- Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale [FDM20090615761, FDM20100619023]
- French government's Investissement d'Avenir program, Laboratoire d'Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases [ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID]
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In industrialized countries Candida albicans is considered the predominant commensal yeast of the human intestine, with approximately 40% prevalence in healthy adults. We discovered a highly original colonization pattern that challenges this current perception by studying in a 4- year interval a cohort of 151 Amerindians living in a remote community (French Guiana), and animals from their environment. The prevalence of C. albicans was persistently low (3% and 7% of yeast carriers). By contrast, Candida krusei and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were detected in over 30% of carriers. We showed that C. krusei and S. cerevisiae carriage was of food or environmental origin, whereas C. albicans carriage was associated with specific risk factors (being female and living in a crowded household). We also showed using whole-genome sequence comparison that C. albicans strains can persist in the intestinal tract of a healthy individual over a 4-year period.
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