Journal
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 207, Issue 4, Pages 622-627Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jis732
Keywords
chronic immune activation; CMV-induced immune response; microbial translocation; autoimmune-induced immune response; HIV-infection; antiretroviral therapy
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Funding
- Sidaction [AI20-2-01629]
- CHU of Bordeaux [2009-AO1063-54]
- Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA et les Hepatites Virales (ANRS, France) [7 (AC7)]
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We evaluated the impact of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-induced immune responses, autoimmune-induced immune responses, and microbial translocation on immune activation in 191 human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients from the ANRS CO3 Aquitaine Cohort. All enrolled subjects had achieved long-term virological suppression during receipt of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). HLA-DR+/CD38(+) expression was 16.8% among CD8(+) T cells. Independent of age, CD4(+) T-cell count, 16S ribosomal DNA load, and regulatory T-cell count, positive results of Quantiferon CMV analysis (P = .02), positive results of CMV-pp65 enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot analysis (P = .01), positive results of CMV-pp65-specific CD8(+) T-cell analysis (P = .05), and CMV seropositivity (P = .01) were associated with a higher percentage of CD8+ T cells that expressed HLA-DR+/CD38(+). Autoimmune response and microbial translocation were not associated with immune activation. Therefore, the CMV-induced immune response seems to be associated with chronic immune activation in cART recipients with sustained virological suppression.
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