Journal
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 206, Issue 12, Pages 1931-1935Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jis555
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Funding
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [48293]
- Microbicide Trials Network
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [UM1 AI068633]
- National Institute of Child Health and Development
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health
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The mucosal environment may impact the risk for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) acquisition. Immune mediators were measured in vaginal fluid collected from HPTN 035 participants who acquired HIV-1 and from those who remained HIV-1 negative (controls). Mediator concentrations were similar in samples obtained before as compared to after HIV-1 acquisition in the 8 seroconverters. Compared with controls, seroconverters were more likely to have detectable levels of HaD-2 (odds ratio [OR], 2.39; P = .005) and greater Escherichia coli bactericidal activity (OR, 1.22; P = .01) prior to seroconversion. E. coli bactericidal activity remained significant in a multivariable analysis (P = .02) and may be a biomarker for HIV-1 acquisition.
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