Journal
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 207, Issue 9, Pages 1451-1456Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jis479
Keywords
rabies virus; neuroinflammation; deep sequencing; NMR
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Funding
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research [MOP-37769, HOP-48353]
- Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research Studentship
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Rabies virus (RV) infection is a fatal nervous system disorder. We describe a patient who died of rabies despite a neuroprotective intervention. Neuropathology showed neuronal loss with abundant RV antigen, genome, and Negri bodies, accompanied by intense neuroinflammation, including by CD8(+) T lymphocyte infiltrates. Deep sequencing and real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed RNA encoding a bat RV strain together with inflammatory gene induction. RV-infected brain demonstrated reduced neuronal metabolites with an anaerobic metabolic profile by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. These multiplatform studies highlight the extent of ongoing viral replication coupled with inflammation in treated rabies, indicative of a neurological immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.
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