Journal
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 201, Issue 2, Pages 285-292Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1086/649560
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [5 T32 GM12453-03]
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Background. Untreated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with changes in blood lipids, inflammation, thrombotic activity, and increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Methods. We studied high-density lipoprotein particle (HDLp) concentrations and inflammatory (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hsCRP] and interleukin [IL] 6), endothelial activation (E-selectin and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [sICAM-1]), and thrombotic (fibrinogen and D-dimer) biomarkers in a group of 32 untreated HIV-infected and 29 uninfected persons. Differences in the levels of blood lipids and biomarkers by HIV status were examined before and after adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking status, body mass index, and the presence of hepatitis C. Results. HIV-infected participants, compared with uninfected participants, had lower HDL cholesterol (HDLc) levels (-26%) and HDLp numbers (-21%), with reductions in large (-50%) and small (-20%) HDLp, specifically P <=.01 for all). A trend was present for higher total cholesterol (P=.15) and triglyceride levels (P=.11) among individuals with HIV infection. Levels of IL-6, sICAM-1, and D-dimer were 65%-70% higher in HIV-infected participants (P <=.02 for all). Covariate adjustment did not diminish these associations. For HIV-infected participants, total and small HDLp (respectively) tended to correlate inversely with levels of IL-6 (P=.08 and P=.02), sICAM-1 (P<.01 for both) and D-dimer (P=.03 and P<.01). Conclusions. Persons with untreated HIV infection have lower HDLp (primarily large and small HDLp) and higher IL-6, sICAM-1, and D-dimer levels, and the relationship of these markers to HIV-mediated atherosclerotic risk requires further study.
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