Journal
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 198, Issue 8, Pages 1131-1140Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1086/591942
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [P01HD40539]
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [UO134993]
- National Cancer Institute
- National Institute on Drug Abuse [UO1-AI-35004, UO1-AI-31834, UO1-AI-34994, UO1-AI-34989, UO1-AI-34993, UO1-AI-42590]
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [UO1-HD-23632]
- National Center for Research Resources [MO1-RR-00071, MO1-RR-00079, MO1-RR-00083]
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Background. Whether human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with a change in the diversity of genital microbiota in women was investigated. Methods. Amplicon length heterogeneity polymerase chain reaction (LH-PCR) analysis and pyrosequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene were used to analyze the diversity of the microbiota in HIV-positive (HIV+) and HIV-negative (HIV-) women with or without bacterial vaginosis (BV). Results. LH-PCR analysis revealed significantly more microbiota diversity in BV-positive (BV+) women than in BV-negative (BV-) women, but no significant difference was noted between HIV+ women and HIV- women. Pyrosequencing revealed that Lactobacillus organisms constituted a median of 96% of the bacteria in BV- women. BV+ women had a significantly higher number of taxa found at >= 1% of the total genital microbiota ( median, 11 taxa). Commontaxa in BV+ women were Prevotella, Megasphaera, Gardnerella, Coriobacterineae, Lachnospira, and Sneathia. There was a trend (P=.07) toward the presence of a higher number of taxa in HIV+ BV+ women than in HIV- BV+ women. Propionibacterineae, Citrobacter, and Anaerococcus were the taxa found only in HIV+ women (P <.05). Conclusions. The present study demonstrated that both LH-PCR analysis and pyrosequencing differentiated microbiota in BV+ women from that in BV- women and that pyrosequencing indicated a trend toward increased diversity in BV+ HIV+ women, suggesting that HIV infection is associated with changes in the diversity of genital microbiota.
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