Journal
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
Volume 19, Issue 2, Pages 523-528Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2012.09.004
Keywords
HMF; Ionic liquid; Citrus peel waste; Fluorinated metals; FTIR; XRD
Funding
- Agenda Research Fund from RDA
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A new green technology was developed using citrus peel waste to produce hydroxymethylfurfual (HMF). FT-IR analysis of the waste showed 4 characteristic vibration modes (C-H, C-O, C-OH, and C=O/COO-), contributing to sugars. XRD and FESEM elucidated that the waste and its hydrolysate consist of highly amorphous clusters. HCl increased HMF yield by 1.4-fold. CrF3 increased its yield by 1.7-fold. At 0.2 of the stoichiometric ratio value, HMF yield was highest. The highest HMF yield was achieved in the reaction mixture of 4 g [OMIM]Cl, 1 mL ethyl acetate, 0.1 g CrF3, 5 mL 0.3 M HCl, and 0.5 g biomass. (c) 2012 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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