Journal
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 193, Issue 3, Pages 999-1005Publisher
AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400413
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [U19 AI066738, R37 A1045898, U19 AI070235]
- Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea - Ministry of Education [2013R1A1A2004820]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2013R1A1A2004820] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Eosinophils have historically been considered to be destructive end-stage effector cells that have a role in parasitic infections and allergic reactions by the release of their granule-derived cytotoxic proteins. However, an increasing number of experimental observations indicate that eosinophils also are multifunctional leukocytes involved in diverse inflammatory and physiologic immune responses. Under homeostatic conditions, eosinophils are particularly abundant in the lamina propria of the gastrointestinal tract, where their involvement in various biological processes within the gastrointestinal tract has been posited. In this review, we summarize the molecular steps involved in eosinophil development and describe eosinophil trafficking to the gastrointestinal tract. We synthesize the current findings on the phenotypic and functional properties of gastrointestinal eosinophils and the accumulating evidence that they have a contributory role in gastrointestinal disorders, with a focus on primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders Finally, we discuss the potential role of eosinophils as modulators of the intestinal immune system.
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