Journal
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 184, Issue 6, Pages 3260-3268Publisher
AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0903454
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Funding
- Ministry of University and Research
- Ministry of Health
- University of Palermo
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale
- Institut National contre le Cancer
- Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer
- Regional and National Associazione Italiana per In Ricerca sul Cancro
- University of Catania
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Imatinib mesylate (imatinib), a competitive inhibitor of the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase, is highly effective against chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) cells. However, because 20-30% of patients affected by CML display either primary or secondary resistance to imatinib, intentional activation of V gamma 9V delta 2 T cells by phosphoantigens or by agents that cause their accumulation within cells, such as zoledronate, may represent a promising strategy for the design of a novel and highly innovative immunotherapy capable to overcome imatinib resistance. In this study, we show that V gamma 9V delta 2 T lymphocytes recognize, trogocytose, and efficiently kill imatinib-sensitive and -resistant CML cell lines pretreated with zoledronate. V gamma 9V delta 2 T cell cytotoxicity was largely dependent on the granule exocytosis- and partly on TRAIL-mediated pathways, was TCR-mediated, and required isoprenoid biosynthesis by zoledronate-treated CML cells. Importantly, V gamma 9V delta 2 T cells from patients with CML can be induced by zoledronate to develop antitumor activity against autologous and allogeneic zoledronate-treated leukemia cells, both in vitro and when transferred into immunodeficient mice in vivo. We conclude that intentional activation of V gamma 9V delta 2 T cells by zoledronate may substantially increase their antileukemia activities and represent a novel strategy for CML immunotherapy. The Journal of Immunology, 2010, 184: 3260-3268.
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