Journal
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 184, Issue 6, Pages 2825-2838Publisher
AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0902168
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [AI-46578, AI-49320, AI-054455, AI-35506, AI-42845, DR-32520, 5 T32 AI-07349-16]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [CO 310/1-1, CO310/2-1]
- Bundsiministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Germany [01 KI0788]
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In this study, we demonstrate complex networks of CD8 T cell cross-reactivities between influenza A virus and EBV in humans and between lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and vaccinia virus in mice. We also show directly that cross-reactive T cells mediate protective heterologous immunity in mice. Subsets of T cell populations reactive with one epitope cross-reacted with either of several other epitopes encoded by the same or the heterologous virus. Human T cells specific to EBV-encoded BMLF1(280-288) could be cross-reactive with two influenza A virus or two other EBV epitopes. Mouse T cells specific to the vaccinia virus-encoded a11r(198-205) could be cross-reactive with three different lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, one Pichinde virus, or one other vaccinia virus epitope. Patterns of cross-reactivity differed among individuals, reflecting the private specificities of the host's immune repertoire and divergence in the abilities of T cell populations to mediate protective immunity. Defining such cross-reactive networks between commonly encountered human pathogens may facilitate the design of vaccines. The Journal of Immunology, 2010, 184: 2825-2838.
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