Journal
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 182, Issue 10, Pages 5914-5918Publisher
AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0900419
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Funding
- Wellcome Trust International Senior Research Fellow [076352/Z/05/Z]
- South African AIDS Vaccine Initiative
- National Instiute for Child Health and Human Development [42402]
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Most infants exposed to HIV-1 in utero and at delivery do not acquire infection. We show that mothers and infants who have CD3-negative cells that respond to HIV-1 peptides are substantially less likely to transmit and acquire infection, respectively. The CD3-negative cells, shown to be NK cells, respond with remarkable specificity and high magnitude to HIV-1 peptides from Env (envelope) and Reg (regulatory) protein regions, as measured by a whole blood intracellular cytokine assay only in the context of HIV-1 infection or exposure. These findings identify an important new measure of protective immunity to HIV-1 that highlights the importance of innate immunity in preventing the establishment of HIV-1 infection. The Journal of Immunology, 2009, 182: 5914-5918.
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