Journal
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 181, Issue 10, Pages 6679-6685Publisher
AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.10.6679
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Funding
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia
- National Institutes of Health [R03 AI063367]
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The Echinococcus organisms, the cause of echinococcosis (hydatid disease), are parasitic helminths with life cycles involving a carnivorous definitive host (usually dog or fox) and an intermediate host (human, ungulate, or rodent). They are complex multicellular pathogens that, despite being under constant barrage by the immune system, are able to modulate antiparasite immune responses and persist and flourish in their mammalian hosts. Understanding how the immune system deals with these parasites is a major challenge. Recent application of modern molecular and immunological approaches has revealed insights on the nature of immune responses generated during the course of hydatid infection, although many aspects of the Echinococcus-host interplay remain unexplored. This review summarizes current understanding of the immunology of echinococcosis, indicates areas where information is lacking, and shows how knowledge of host protective immunity has been translated into the design and development of anti-Echinococcus vaccines for application in intermediate hosts. The Journal of Immunologv, 2008, 181: 6679-6685.
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