Journal
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 181, Issue 10, Pages 6687-6691Publisher
AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.10.6687
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/National Center [R01 AI064066, R21 AI069935, R01 AI065325, RR-00168]
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Chronically SIVagm-infected African green monkeys (AGMs) have a remarkably stable nonpathogenic disease course, with levels of immune activation in chronic SIVagm infection similar to those observed in uninfected monkeys and with stable viral loads for long periods of time. In vivo administration of LPS or an IL-2/diphtheria toxin fusion protein (Ontak) to chronically SIVagm-infected AGMs triggered increases in immune activation and subsequently of viral replication and depletion of intestinal CD4(+) T cells. Our study indicates that circulating microbial products can increase viral replication by inducing immune activation and increasing the number of viral target cells, thus demonstrating that immune activation and T cell proliferation are key factors in AIDS pathogenesis. The Journal of Immunology, 2008, 181: 6687-6691.
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