The diverse associations of uric acid with low-grade inflammation, adiponectin and arterial stiffness in never-treated hypertensives

The data regarding the role of serum uric acid (SUA) along with subclinical inflammation in the context of hypertensive vascular damage are rather scarce and controversial. Towards this end, we assess the links between SUA, high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP), adiponectin and carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity (c-f PWV) in 292 subjects with never-treated stage I-II essential hypertension. On the basis of the median SUA levels (0.31mmol l(-1)), the study population was divided into subjects with low (n = 149) and high (n = 143) SUA values. By multiple regression analysis, it was revealed that SUA was independently associated with log hs-CRP (R-2 = 0.098; P = 0.02), log adiponectin (R-2 = 0.102; P = 0.03), waist circumference (R-2 = 0.049; P = 0.04), 24-h systolic blood pressure (SBP) (R-2 = 0.179; P = 0.001) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (R-2 = 0.156; beta (s.e.) - -0.169 (0.023); P-0.02). In addition, c-f PWV was independently associated with age (R-2 = 0.116; P<0.0001), waist circumference (R-2 = 0.088; P<0.0001), 24-h SBP (R-2 = 0.167; P = 0.001), log adiponectin (R-2 = 0.07; P = 0.006) and log hs-CRP (R-2 = 0.06; P = 0.034). In conclusion, SUA levels are independently associated with hs-CRP and adiponectin levels but not with c-f PWV in essential hypertensive patients. Increased SUA levels are accompanied by a state of pronounced inflammatory activation and hypoadiponectinemia that significantly impairs the arterial stiffness accelerating the vascular ageing process in this setting. Journal of Human Hypertension (2011) 25, 554-559; doi: 10.1038/jhh.2010.98; published online 21 October 2010