Journal
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Volume 239, Issue -, Pages 32-39Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.07.032
Keywords
Emerging contaminants; Groundwater; Treated wastewater; Monitoring
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Funding
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [CGL2010-22168-C03]
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The occurrence of 166 emerging compounds and four heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Hg and Pb) in treated wastewater and groundwater has been monitored at the Llobregat delta (Barcelona, Spain) over a period of 3 years. Selected compounds were pharmaceuticals, personal care products (PCPs), dioxins, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and priority substances included in the 2008/105/CE Directive. Analysis was performed in tertiary treated wastewater (TWW), after an additional treatment of ultrafiltration reverse osmosis and UV disinfection, and groundwater from a deep confined aquifer. This aquifer is artificially recharged with TWW through injection wells. After the advanced treatment, 38 pharmaceuticals, 9 PCPs, 9 pesticides and 7 PAHs still showed a frequency of detection higher than 25% in the TWW, although at low concentration levels (ng/l). Not all active compounds found in the TWW were present in groundwater, indicating possible degradation within the aquifer media after the injection. A number of chemicals. mainly 10 pesticides and 10 pharmaceuticals were only present in groundwater samples, confirming a different origin than the injected TWIN, probably agricultural activities and/or infiltration of poorly treated wastewater. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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