Journal
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Volume 164, Issue 1, Pages 46-52Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.07.116
Keywords
Phenol; Saline wastewater; Solvent extraction; Two-phase membrane biodegradation; Hollow-fiber membrane contactors
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Funding
- ROC National Science Council [NSC95-2221-E-155-069]
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Phenol in synthetic saline (100g L-1 NaCl) and acidic (pH 3) wastewater was treated by a hybrid solvent extraction and two-phase membrane biodegradation process at 30 degrees C. Kerosene was adopted to be the organic solvent because it was biocompatible and had a suitable partition coefficient for phenol. Phenol in water was first extracted by kerosene in a batch stirred vessel and the loaded solvent was passed through the lumen of a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow-fiber membrane contactor; in the meantime, Pseudomonas putida BCRC 14365 in mineral salt medium was flowed across the shell, to which tetrasodium phyophosphate (1 g L-1) was added as a dispersing agent. The effect of the initial phenol level in wastewater (110-2400 mg L-1) on phenol removal and cell growth was experimentally studied. At a cell concentration of 0.023 g L-1, it was shown that the removal of phenol from saline wastewater was more efficient at a level of 2000 mg L-1 when 0.02-m(2) membrane module was used. The effects of bigger membrane module size (0.19 m(2) area) and higher initial cell concentration (0.092-0.23 g L-1) on the performance of such a hybrid process for the treatment of higher-level phenol in saline wastewater was also evaluated and discussed. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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