Earth surface reflectance climatology from 3 years of OMI data

Global maps of the Earth's surface Lambertian equivalent reflectance (LER) are constructed using 3 years of Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) measurements obtained between October 2004 and October 2007 at 23 wavelengths between 328 and 500 nm. The maps are constructed on a 0.5 degrees by 0.5 degrees longitude-latitude grid for each calendar month using an algorithm based on temporal histograms of the observed LER values per geophysical location. The algorithm allows seasonal effects related to vegetation, snow, and ice but excludes statistical outliers. The maps show typical features like open ocean regions with high reflectivity indicative of low phytoplankton levels, coastal waters with high reflectance caused by silt, and oceanic regions with low reflectance correlated with chlorophyll. Open oceans in general have a higher reflectivity than does land up to 420 nm. The highest reflectivity values of oceans occur at 380 nm. Good agreement is found with a similar LER map based on data from the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) at 331, 340, 360, and 380 nm, which is 0.015 lower on average. The comparison with data from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) at 335, 380, 440, and 494 nm is also satisfactory, being 0.005 lower on average. The LER derived from OMI data is approximately 0.02 higher than the black sky albedo as derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer at 470 nm, which is partly related to viewing geometry effects of the bidirectional reflectance distribution function of the surface. The data set presented contains residual cloud features over tropical rain forest regions, has a higher spatial resolution than those created using TOMS and GOME data, and includes more wavelengths.