Journal
JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND GENOMICS
Volume 41, Issue 5, Pages 261-274Publisher
SCIENCE PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2014.04.003
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease; Lipids; ApoE; Oxysterols; Inflammation
Funding
- National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) grant of Australia
- McCusker Alzheimer's Disease Research Foundation
- NHMRC
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It has been estimated that Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, will affect approximately 81 million individuals by 2040. To date, the actual cause and cascade of events in the progression of this disease have not been fully determined. Furthermore, there is currently no definitive blood test or simple diagnostic method for AD. Considerable efforts have been put into proteomic approaches to develop a diagnostic blood test, but to date these efforts have not been successful. More recently, there has been a stronger focus on lipidomic studies in the hope of increasing our understanding of the underlying mechanisms leading to AD and developing an AD blood test. It is well known that the strongest genetic risk factor for AD is the epsilon 4 variant of apolipoprotein E (APOE). Evidence suggests that the ApoE protein, a major lipid transporter, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of AD, and its role in both normal and aberrant lipid metabolism warrants further extensive investigation. Here, we review ApoE-lipid interactions, as well as the roles that lipids may play in the pathogenesis of AD.
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