4.6 Article

Efficient upconversion-pumped continuous wave Er3+:LiLuF4 lasers

Journal

OPTICAL MATERIALS
Volume 42, Issue -, Pages 167-173

Publisher

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2015.01.004

Keywords

Laser materials; Upconversion lasers; Waveguide lasers

Funding

  1. Joachim Herz Stiftung in the frame of the Landesexzellenzinitiative Frontiers in Quantum Photon Science

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We report on detailed spectroscopic investigations and efficient visible upconversion laser operation of Er3+:LiLuF4. This material allows for efficient resonant excited-state-absorption (ESA) pumping at 974 nm. Under spectroscopic conditions without external feedback, ESA at the laser wavelength of 552 nm prevails stimulated emission. Under lasing conditions in a resonant cavity, the high intracavity photon density bleaches the ESA at 552 nm, allowing for efficient cw laser operation. We obtained the highest output power of any room-temperature crystalline upconversion laser. The laser achieves a cw output power of 774 mW at a slope efficiency of 19% with respect to the incident pump power delivered by an optically-pumped semiconductor laser. The absorption efficiency of the pump radiation is estimated to be below 50%. To exploit the high confinement in waveguides for this laser, we employed femtosecond-laser pulses to inscribe a cladding of parallel tracks of modified material into Er3+:LiLuF4 crystals. The core material allows for low-loss waveguiding at pump and laser wavelengths. Under Ti:sapphire pumping at 974 nm, the first crystalline upconversion waveguide laser has been realized. We obtained waveguide-laser operation with up to 10 mW of output power at 553 nm. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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