Factors affecting the infiltration capacity in bamboo groves

To determine the effects of the characteristics of litter and surface soil on the infiltration capacity in bamboo groves, infiltration rates were measured on a plot-scale using an oscillating-nozzle rainfall simulator at seven Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) sites and one Madake (P. bambusoides) site in Japan. The maximum final infiltration rate (FIRmax), which was defined in this study as the infiltration capacity, was calculated, and the correlation between FIRmax and earth surface properties was analyzed. The FIRmax ranged from 9 to 308 mm h(-1), showing little correlation with litter as surface cover, and a weak correlation with bulk density (0.3-0.9 g cm(-3)) and organic matter content (10.4-45.9%). These results suggest that the bulk density and organic matter content of surface soil, rather than surface cover, can be the controlling factors of infiltration capacity in bamboo groves. The bulk density of surface soil correlated significantly with the soil organic matter content, represented by bamboo rhizomes, suggesting that the infiltration capacity can increase with the amount of root networks present, related to macropore formation. The stand density showed a weak positive correlation, although not significant, with the soil organic matter content and a positive correlation with FIRmax. Thus, the infiltration capacity of bamboo groves can increase as the stand density of culms and bamboo rhizomes increase.