Journal
JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES
Volume 58, Issue 2, Pages 548-551Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.12034
Keywords
forensic science; illegal drug use; benzodiazepines; zolpidem; drug analysis; hair
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Funding
- College of Pharmacy-specialized Research Fund (from institute for new drug development) of Keimyung University
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The abuse and misuse of benzodiazepines and zolpidem are widespread internationally. Their illegal distribution has raised their abuse to a serious level, and they are often misused in crimes. In the present study, 18 cases involving the illegal use of benzodiazepines and/or zolpidem were proved by hair analysis. The drugs were extracted from the hair samples using methanol and analyzed using LC-MS/MS. The cases were classified according to case history: five of illegal use in medical staff, eight through inappropriate or illegal distribution, and five related to drug-facilitated crimes. Among the 18 cases, zolpidem was identified in eight, alprazolam in seven, diazepam in six, and clonazepam in four. The drug concentrations ranged from
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