Journal
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
Volume 176, Issue -, Pages 354-362Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2015.04.016
Keywords
Anatase TiO2 nanocrystal; Ti3+; Defects-induced; Photocatalysis; Visible light
Funding
- National Nature Science Foundation of China [21173261, 21303258]
- Xinjiang International Science & Technology Cooperation Program, China [20146006]
- One Hundred Talents Project Foundation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Cross-Cooperation Program for Creative Research Teams of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Western Light Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences [XBBS201211]
- Western Action Plan [KGZD-EW-502]
- Xinjiang Program of Cultivation of Young Innovative Technical Talents [2013731019]
- U. S. National Science Foundation [CBET-1150617]
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys [1150617] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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The defect-induced black-and-white issue of TiO2 keeps this material under spotlight in the past decade. This work exhibits an oxidation-based synthesis of anatase TiO2 nanocrystals with various Ti3+ concentrations via a solvothermal process in combination with post-annealing at different temperatures. Strikingly, we found that by simply controlling the annealingtemperature, both concentration and location of the Ti3+ defects can be well managed to reside predominately in the subsurface/bulk regions of the post-annealed anatase TiO2 nanocrystals, a highly desired feature for stable visible light-active photocatalysis. The location and quantity of the Ti3+ in anatase nanocrystals pinpointed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) suggest that this temperature-mediated management of the location and concentration of Ti3+ defects is achieved through a Ti3+ reversible-diffusion mechanism. As an applicable verification, the sample attained by post-annealing treatment at 500 degrees C, which has the highest Ti3+ concentration predominately in the bulk region, exhibits a 30-fold enhancement in visible-light decomposition of methylene blue and 4 times improvement in the maximal transient photocurrent density compared with P25. This work reveals that managing the location and concentration of Ti3+ defects in TiO2 is a decisive process toward defects-induced visible-light photocatalysis.(C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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