Journal
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
Volume 207, Issue 9, Pages 1907-1921Publisher
ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1084/jem.20092749
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Arizona Biomedical Research Commission [9-140]
- National Institutes of Health [AI083294, AR53293, AI070305, HL089667]
- China Scholarship Council [2008622008]
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Natural killer (NK) cells of the innate immune system can profoundly impact the development of adaptive immune responses. Inflammatory and autoimmune responses in anatomical locations such as the central nervous system (CNS) differ substantially from those found in peripheral organs. We show in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis that NK cell enrichment results in disease amelioration, whereas selective blockade of NK cell homing to the CNS results in disease exacerbation. Importantly, the effects of NK cells on CNS pathology were dependent on the activity of CNS-resident, but not peripheral, NK cells. This activity of CNS-resident NK cells involved interactions with microglia and suppression of myelin-reactive Th17 cells. Our studies suggest an organ-specific activity of NK cells on the magnitude of CNS inflammation, providing potential new targets for therapeutic intervention.
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