Journal
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
Volume 65, Issue 20, Pages 5835-5848Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru324
Keywords
Fruit ripening; fruit ripening-specific promoter; beta-Hex; RIN; SlASR1; transcriptional regulation
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Funding
- Department of Biotechnology [BT/01/CEIB/12/II/01]
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research
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Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit ripening-specific N-glycan processing enzyme, beta-D-N-acetylhexosaminidase (beta-Hex), plays an important role in the ripening-associated fruit-softening process. However, the regulation of fruit ripening-specific expression of beta-Hex is not well understood. We have identified and functionally characterized the fruit ripening-specific promoter of beta-Hex and provided insights into its transcriptional regulation during fruit ripening. Our results demonstrate that RIPENING INHIBITOR (RIN), a global fruit ripening regulator, and ABSCISIC ACID STRESS RIPENING 1 (SlASR1), a poorly characterized ripening-related protein, are the transcriptional regulators of beta-Hex. Both RIN and SlASR1 directly bound to the beta-Hex promoter fragments containing CArG and C2-3(C/G)A cis-acting elements, the binding sites for RIN and SlASR1, respectively. Moreover, beta-Hex expression/promoter activity in tomato fruits was downregulated once expression of either RIN or SlASR1 was suppressed; indicating that RIN and SlASR1 positively regulate the transcription of beta-Hex during fruit ripening. Interestingly, RIN could also bind to the SlASR1 promoter, which contains several CArG cis-acting elements, and SlASR1 expression was suppressed in rin mutant fruits, indicating that RIN also acts as a positive regulator of SlASR1 expression during fruit ripening. Taken together, these results suggest that RIN, both directly and indirectly, through SlASR1, regulates the transcription of beta-Hex during fruit ripening. The fruit ripening-specific promoter of beta-Hex could be a useful tool in regulating gene expression during fruit ripening.
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