Journal
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
Volume 63, Issue 11, Pages 4095-4106Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ers090
Keywords
Allantoate; allantoin; allantoinase; development; gene expression; nitrogen fixation; ureides
Categories
Funding
- Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia, Spain [AGL2009-11290, AGR01283]
- Consejeria de Innovacion, Ciencia y Empresa (Junta de Andalucia, Spain) [P07-RNM-03307]
- Plan Andaluz de Investigacion [BIO-115]
- Consejeria de Innovacion, Ciencia y Empresa (Junta de Andalucia, Spain)
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The ureides allantoin and allantoate are key molecules in the transport and storage of nitrogen in ureide legumes. In shoots and leaves from Phaseolus vulgaris plants using symbiotically fixed nitrogen as the sole nitrogen source, ureide levels were roughly equivalent to those of nitrate-supported plants during the whole vegetative stage, but they exhibited a sudden increase at the onset of flowering. This rise in the level of ureides, mainly in the form of allantoate, was accompanied by increases in allantoinase gene expression and enzyme activity, consistent with developmental regulation of ureide levels mainly through the tissue-specific induction of allantoate synthesis catalysed by allantoinase. Moreover, surprisingly high levels of ureides were also found in non-nodulated plants fertilized with nitrate, at both early and late developmental stages. The results suggest that remobilized N from lower leaves is probably involved in the sharp rise in ureides in shoots and leaves during early pod filling in N-2-fixing plants and in the significant amounts of ureides observed in non-nodulated plants.
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