Journal
JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
Volume 24, Issue 3, Pages 531-540Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.02188.x
Keywords
beneficial mutations; dominance; ploidy; rate of adaptation; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Funding
- Canadian National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC)
- Killam Predoctoral Fellowship
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Despite a great deal of theoretical attention, we have limited empirical data about how ploidy influences the rate of adaptation. We evolved isogenic haploid and diploid populations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for 200 generations in seven different environments. We measured the competitive fitness of all ancestral and evolved lines against a common competitor and find that in all seven environments, haploid lines adapted faster than diploids, significantly so in three environments. We apply theory that relates the rates of adaptation and measured effective population sizes to the properties of beneficial mutations. We obtained rough estimates of the average selection coefficients in haploids between 2% and 10% for these first selected mutations. Results were consistent with semi-dominant to dominant mutations in four environments and recessive to additive mutations in two other environments. These results are consistent with theory that predicts haploids should evolve faster than diploids at large population sizes.
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