Journal
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
Volume 153, Issue 2, Pages 375-385Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.02.036
Keywords
Apoptosis; Bax/Bc1-2; Caspase; p53; ROS; Swietenia macrophylla
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Funding
- Institute of Research Management and Consultancy of University of Malaya through Institute of Research Management
- Consultancy of University of Malaya through UM High Impact Research [UMMOHE UM.C/625/1/HIRIMOHEISC/02]
- Postgraduate Research Fund [PV022-2011B]
- University Malaya Research [RP001-2012C]
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Ethnopharmacological relevance: Swijtenia macrophylla King is a traditional herb used to treat various diseases including hypertension, diabetes and cancer. Previous study demonstrated its anti-tumor effect but the potential mechanisms have not been clearly defined. The current study was to further investigate the underlying mechanism of ethyl acetate fraction of Swietenia macrophylla (SMEAF)-induced antiproliferative effect and apoptosis in HCT116 colorectal carcinoma cell. Materials and methods: Cell viability was evaluated in HCT116 cells by trypan blue exclusion assay. Apoptotic cell death was detected by Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide (PI) staining and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was analyzed by flow cytometry. The apoptotic gene and protein expression were determined by Real-time quantitative PCR (q-PCR) and immunofluorescence staining using flow cytometry, respectively. Results: SMEAF significantly inhibited HCT116 cell viability and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. SMEAF-induced apoptosis was triggered by the activation of p53 and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Moreover, the significant increase in p53 was accompanied by a decrease murine double minute 2 (MDM2) expression. SMEAF significantly increased the expression of the Bax protein resulting in a markedly elevated Bax/BcI-2 ratio which may have triggered the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, resulting in caspase-3/7 and caspase-9 activation. Conclusion: These results suggested that SMEAF exerts its antitumor activity in HCT116 cells by activating proapoptotic signaling pathway through intracellular ROS formation triggering the mitochondrialmediated pathway via p53 activation. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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