Effect of Emblica officinalis (fruit) against UVB-induced photo-aging in human skin fibroblasts

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Emblica officinalis fruit (EO), commonly known as Amla is a reputed traditional medicine and functional food used in Indian subcontinent. It has long been used in Indian folk medicine to treat liver diseases, stomach ulcers, inflammatory diseases, metabolic disorders, geriatric complaints, skin disorders and beauty care. Aim of the study: Recently, it has been shown to promote pro-collagen content and inhibit matrix metalloproteinase levels in skin fibroblast. The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of EO to inhibit UVB-induced photo-aging in human skin fibroblasts. Materials and methods: Mitochondrial activity of human skin fibroblasts was measured by MTT-assay. Quantifications of pro-collagen 1 and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) release were performed by immunoassay techniques. Hyaluronidase inhibition assay was studied in vitro using bovine testicular hyaluronidase and human umbilical cord hyaluronic acid. Cell cycle analysis was performed by flowcytometry using propidium iodide. Results: EO stimulated, the otherwise UVB inhibited cellular proliferation and protected pro-collagen 1 against UVB-induced depletion via inhibition of UVB-induced MMP-1 in skin fibroblasts (10-40 mu g/mL, p > 0.001). EO exhibited inhibitory activity of hyaluronidase (10-40 mu g/mL, p > 0.001). Treatment with EO also prevented UVB disturbed cell cycle to normal phase. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggests that EO effectively inhibits UVB-induced photoaging in human skin fibroblast via its strong ROS scavenging ability and its therapeutic and cosmetic applications remain to be explored. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.