Anti-inflammatory activity of Chrysanthemum indicum extract in acute and chronic cutaneous inflammation

Aim of the study: Although Chrysanthemum indicum Linne (Compositae) has long been used in traditional Korean, Chinese, Japanese medicine to treat various immune-related diseases the underlying mechanism(s) by which these effects are induced remains to be defined in vivo model system. We investigated the effects of 70% ethanolic extract from Chrysanthemum indicum Linne (CIE) on skin inflammation in mice. Materials and methods: Production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta), activation of myeloperoxidase, and histological assessment were examined in acute and chronic skin inflammation using 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced mouse ear edema. Results: CIE inhibited topical edema in the mouse ear, following administration at 200 mg/kg (i.p.), leading to substantial reductions in skin thickness and tissue weight, inflammatory cytokine production, neutrophil-mediated myeloperoxidase activity, and various histo pathological indicators. Furthermore, CIE was effective at reducing inflammatory damage induced by chronic TPA exposure. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that CIE is an effective anti-inflammatory agent in murine phorbol ester-induced dermatitis, and suggest that the extract may have therapeutic potential in a variety of immune-related cutaneous diseases. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.