Journal
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Volume 21, Issue 2, Pages 179-185Publisher
SCIENCE PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/S1001-0742(08)62248-2
Keywords
carbendazim; degradation; soil microorganism; repeated application
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [30771254]
- Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation [Z306260]
- National Key Technology R&D Program of China [2006BA1091303]
- Hi-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China [2007AA06Z306]
- Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University
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Carbendazim, a systemic benzimidazole fungicide, is applied repeatedly to control plant diseases including soilborne diseases, over a growing season. Studies were carried out under laboratory conditions to assess the effects of repeated carbendazim applications on its persistence and microbial community in soil. The results indicate that dissipation of carbendazim in soil was accelerated with its application frequency. The degradation rate constant of carbendazim was increased significantly from 0.074 d(-1) to 0.79 d(-1). The corresponding half-life was shorten markedly from 9.3 d to 0.9 d after four repeated applications. No significant inhibitory effect of carbendazim on soil microbial utilization of the carbon sources was observed after first treatment, but a slight increase in average well color development (AWCD) was shown after second, third, and fourth applications. It suggested that soil microorganisms become adapted to carbendazim after repeated application. Simpson and Shannon indexes of soil microbial community from carbendazim treated soil were also similar to those from the control soil, indicating that the richness and dominant character of soil microorganisms remain unchangeable after repeated application. However, after first, second, and third addition of carbendazim, McIntosh indexes on day 21 were significantly higher compared with the control, suggesting that balance of soil microorganisms was altered due to the enrichment of the specific carbendazim-adapting strains in soil.
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