Journal
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
Volume 90, Issue 3, Pages 1442-1447Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.09.002
Keywords
Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP); Microorganisms; Indicator; Removal performance
Categories
Funding
- Water Environment Research Foundation (WERF) [03-HHE-2]
- CRC for Water Quality and Treatment
- SA Water Corporation
- CSIRO Land and Water
- USEPA
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This study was undertaken to investigate the removal of pathogenic microorganisms and their indicators in a laboratory scale biological treatment system that simulated the secondary treatment process of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Four groups of microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, protozoa and helminths as well as the selected indicators were employed in the investigation. The results demonstrated that approximately 2-3 log(10) removal of the microbial indicators was achieved in the treatment process. The log removal of Ciostridium perfringens spores was low due to their irreversible adsorption to sludge flocs. The laboratory treatment system demonstrated a similar removal capability for Escherichia coli and the bacterial indicators (total coliforms, enterococci and particles <2.73 mu m/L). The MS-2 bacteriophage, measured as a viral indicator, showed a lower removal than poliovirus, which may be considered as a worst case scenario for virus removal. The results of using particle profiling as an indicator for protozoa and helminths appeared to be inaccurate. The removal performance for bacterial and protozoan pathogens and their indicators in a full scale WWTP and the laboratory treatment system was compared. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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