Journal
JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS
Volume 30, Issue 3, Pages 209-219Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/07370652.2011.562600
Keywords
1,4-diformyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroxypiperazine (DFTHP); 4,10-dinitro-2,6,8,12-tetraoxa-4,10-diazaisowurtzitane; clean nitrating agent; heteropolyacids (HPAs); TEX
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Funding
- Research Council of Malek Ashtar University of Technology
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4,10-Dinitro-2,6,8,12-tetraoxa-4,10-diazaisowurtzitane (TEX) is well known as an efficient explosive compound. It is usually prepared via nitration of a precursor with a mixture of concentrated nitric and sulfuric acid. However, there are many difficulties with the use of old methods, such as strong acidic and thermal conditions, which cause product decomposition, low yields, hazardous wastes, and product separation difficulties. In this article, the use of an efficient catalytic and mild reaction conditions for TEX synthesis is reported for the first time. It has been well documented that heteropolyacids (HPAs) are efficient green catalysts for use as a nitric acid activator. This strategy provided milder and higher yield conditions for nitration reactions. In addition, the reactions can be reasonably run at lower temperatures in a short time.
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