Journal
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Volume 25, Issue 1, Pages 60-67Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.09.001
Keywords
Blood pressure; Nitric oxide; PREDIMED study; Polyphenols; Urinary polyphenol
Funding
- CICYT [AGL2010-22319-C03, AGL2013-49083-C3-1-R]
- CIBEROBN from the ISCIII (Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, MICINN)
- Quality Group from Generalitat de Catalunya [2009-SGR-724, 2014-SGR-773]
- Balearic Islands Gov. [35/2011]
- EU FEDER funds [35/2011]
- Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral program from MEC [JCI-2012-13463]
- ISCIII [FI10/00265]
- [RD06/0045]
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Background and aim: Hypertension is one of the main cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly. The aims of this work were to evaluate if a one-year intervention with two Mediterranean diets (Med-diet) could decrease blood pressure (BP) due to a high polyphenol consumption, and if the decrease in BP was mediated by plasma nitric oxide (NO) production. Methods and results: An intervention substudy of 200 participants at high cardiovascular risk was carried out within the PREDIMED trial. They were randomly assigned to a low-fat control diet or to two Med-diets, one supplemented with extra virgin olive oil (Med-EVOO) and the other with nuts (Med-nuts). Anthropometrics and clinical parameters were measured at baseline and after one year of intervention, as well as BP, plasma NO and total polyphenol excretion (TPE) in urine samples. Systolic and diastolic BP decreased significantly after a one-year dietary intervention with Med-EVOO and Med-nuts. These changes were associated with a significant increase in TPE and plasma NO. Additionally, a significant positive correlation was observed between changes in urinary TPE, a biomarker of TP intake, and in plasma NO (Beta = 4.84; 95% CI: 0.57-9.10). Conclusions: TPE in spot urine sample was positively correlated with plasma NO in Med-diets supplemented with either EVOO or nuts. The statistically significant increases in plasma NO were associated with a reduction in systolic and diastolic BP levels, adding to the growing evidence that polyphenols might protect the cardiovascular system by improving the endothelial function and enhancing endothelial synthesis of NO. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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