Journal
NUTRITION JOURNAL
Volume 14, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/s12937-015-0107-z
Keywords
Diet; Cardiometabolic health; Cardiovascular risk factors; Children; Adolescents
Categories
Funding
- Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) [2FD097-0297-CO2-01]
- Spain's Ministry of Education [FPU: AP2010-3198]
- Spain's Ministry of Health (Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, Instituto de Salud Carlos III: FEDER) [PI11/01900, CB06/02/0029]
- Spain's Ministry of Health (Red Investigacion Cardiovascular, Programa HERACLES) [RD12/0042]
- Catalan government's agency [AGAUR: 2014 SGR 240]
- King Abdullah scholarship program [2631]
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The manifestation of cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, and particularly obesity begins in children and adolescents, with deleterious effects for cardiometabolic health at adulthood. Although the impact of diet on cardiovascular risk factors has been studied extensively in adults, showing that their cardiometabolic health is strongly lifestyle-dependent, less is known about this impact in children and adolescents. In particular, little is known about the relationship between their dietary patterns, especially when derived a posteriori, and cardiovascular risk. An adverse association of cardiovascular health and increased intake of sodium, saturated fat, meat, fast food and soft drinks has been reported in this population. In contrast, vitamin D, fiber, mono-and poly-unsaturated fatty acids, dairy, fruits and vegetables were positively linked to cardiovascular health. The aim of this review was to summarize current epidemiological and experimental evidence on the impact of nutrients, foods, and dietary pattern on cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents. A comprehensive review of the literature available in English and related to diet and cardiometabolic health in this population was undertaken via the electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Medline.
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