Journal
JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH
Volume 91, Issue 7, Pages 651-658Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/0022034512437372
Keywords
inflammation; oral cancer; mouth neoplasms; periodontal diseases; RNA stability; microRNAs
Categories
Funding
- US National Institutes of Health (NIH) [1R01DE018290, 1R01DE021423, 2P20 RR017696, R00DE018165, R01DE018512, R21DE017977, K02DE0219513, R00DE018191, 5F32DE021305]
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Cytokines are critical mediators of inflammation and host defenses. Regulation of cytokines can occur at various stages of gene expression, including transcription, mRNA export, and post-transcriptional and translational levels. Among these modes of regulation, post-transcriptional regulation has been shown to play a vital role in controlling the expression of cytokines by modulating mRNA stability. The stability of cytokine mRNAs, including TNF alpha, IL-6, and IL-8, has been reported to be altered by the presence of AU-rich elements (AREs) located in the 3'-untranslated regions (3'UTRs) of the mRNAs. Numerous RNA-binding proteins and microRNAs bind to these 3'UTRs to regulate the stability and/or translation of the mRNAs. Thus, this paper describes the cooperative function between RNA-binding proteins and miRNAs and how they regulate AU-rich elements containing cytokine mRNA stability/degradation and translation. These mRNA control mechanisms can potentially influence inflammation as it relates to oral biology, including periodontal diseases and oral pharyngeal cancer progression.
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