Journal
JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH
Volume 87, Issue 9, Pages 806-816Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/154405910808700909
Keywords
Xenopus; frog; tadpole; tail; regeneration; growth factor; bioelectricity; ion pump
Categories
Funding
- NSF [IBN0347295]
- NHTSA [DTNH22-06-G-00001]
- DARPA [W911NF-07-1-0572]
- NIH [HD055850]
- Research Facilities Improvement [CO6RR11244]
- EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH &HUMAN DEVELOPMENT [R21HD055850] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH RESOURCES [C06RR011244] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Augmentation of regenerative ability is a powerful strategy being pursued for the biomedical management of traumatic injury, cancer, and degeneration. While considerable attention has been focused on embryonic stem cells, it is clear that much remains to be learned about how somatic cells may be controlled in the adult organism. The tadpole of the frog Xenopus laevis is a powerful model system within which fundamental mechanisms of regeneration are being addressed. The tadpole tail contains spinal cord, muscle, vasculature, and other terminally differentiated cell types and can fully regenerate itself through tissue renewal - a process that is most relevant to mammalian healing. Recent insight into this process has uncovered fascinating molecular details of how a complex appendage senses injury and rapidly repairs the necessary morphology. Here, we review what is known about the chemical and bioelectric signals underlying this process and draw analogies to evolutionarily conserved pathways in other patterning systems. The understanding of this process is not only of fundamental interest for the evolutionary and cell biology of morphogenesis, but will also generate information that is crucial to the development of regenerative therapies for human tissues and organs.
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