Journal
NUCLEAR FUSION
Volume 55, Issue 8, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/0029-5515/55/8/083026
Keywords
tokamak; pedestal; Super H-Mode; fusion performance; pedestal height; theoretical predictions; EPED
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Funding
- U S Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, Theory Program, using the DIII-D National Fusion Facility, a DOE Office of Science [DE-FG02-95ER54309, DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-FC02-06ER54873]
- EPSRC [EP/I500987/1, EP/D065399/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/I500987/1, EP/D065399/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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A new 'Super H-mode' regime is predicted, which enables pedestal height and predicted fusion performance substantially higher than for H-mode operation. This new regime is predicted to exist by the EPED pedestal model, which calculates criticality constraints for peeling-ballooning and kinetic ballooning modes, and combines them to predict the pedestal height and width. EPED usually predicts a single ('H-mode') pedestal solution for each set of input parameters, however, in strongly shaped plasmas above a critical density, multiple pedestal solutions are found, including the standard 'H-mode' solution, and a 'Super H-Mode' solution at substantially larger pedestal height and width. The Super H-mode regime is predicted to be accessible by controlling the trajectory of the density, and to increase fusion performance for ITER, as well as for DEMO designs with strong shaping. A set of experiments on DIII-D has identified the predicted Super H-mode regime, and finds pedestal height and width, and their variation with density, in good agreement with theoretical predictions from the EPED model. The very high pedestal enables operation at high global beta and high confinement, including the highest normalized beta achieved on DIII-D with a quiescent edge.
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