Journal
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
Volume 141, Issue 1, Pages 93-100Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.08.023
Keywords
Emulsions; Adjuvanticity; Antigen uptake; Lymph nodes; Anthrax
Funding
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [AI070538, AI078304, AI065774, AI076812]
- OSU P.F. Yerex & Nellie Buck Yerex Graduate Fellowship
- OSU Sports Lottery Scholarship
- NIEHS [P30 ES000210]
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An accumulation of research over the years has demonstrated the utility of nanoparticles as antigen carriers with adjuvant activity. Herein we defined the adjuvanticity of a novel lecithin-based nanoparticle engineered from emulsions. The nanoparticles were spheres of around 200 nm. Model protein antigens, bovine serum albumin (BSA) or Bacillus anthracis protective antigen (PA) protein, were covalently conjugated onto the nanoparticles. Mice immunized with the BSA-conjugated nanoparticles developed strong anti-BSA antibody responses comparable to that induced by BSA adjuvanted with incomplete Freund's adjuvant and 6.5-fold stronger than that induced by BSA adsorbed onto aluminum hydroxide. Immunization of mice with the PA-conjugated nanoparticles elicited a quick, strong, and durable anti-PA antibody response that afforded protection of the mice against a lethal dose of anthrax lethal toxin challenge. The potent adjuvanticity of the nanoparticles was likely due to their ability to move the antigens into local draining lymph nodes, to enhance the uptake of the antigens by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and to activate APCs. This novel nanoparticle system has the potential to serve as a universal protein-based vaccine carrier capable of inducing strong immune responses. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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