Journal
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
Volume 141, Issue 3, Pages 303-313Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.12.012
Keywords
Hydrogels; Swelling; Glucose sensing; Closed-loop insulin delivery; Microfabrication; Block polymers; Self-assembly; Microporous membrane; Nanoporous membrane
Funding
- NIBIB NIH HHS [R21 EB003125-02, R21 EB003125, EB003125] Funding Source: Medline
- NICHD NIH HHS [F32 HD051366-02, F32 HD051366, R01 HD040366, R01 HD040366-02, HD051366, HD040366] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [DK075739, R56 DK075739, R56 DK075739-01A1] Funding Source: Medline
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We review efforts to produce microfabricated glucose sensors and closed-loop insulin delivery systems. These devices function due to the swelling and shrinking of glucose-sensitive microgels that are incorporated into silicon-based microdevices. The glucose response of the hydrogel is due to incorporated pherylboronic acid (PBA) side chains. It is shown that in the presence of glucose, these polymers alter their swelling properties, either by ionization or by formation of glucose-mediated reversible crosslinks. Swelling pressures impinge on microdevice structures, leading either to a change in resonant frequency of a microcircuit, or valving action. Potential areas for future development and improvement are described. Finally, an asymmetric nano-microporous membrane, which may be integrated with the glucose-sensitive devices, is described. This membrane, formed using photolithography and block polymer assembly techniques, can be functionalized to enhance its biocompatibility and solute size selectivity. The work described here features the interplay of design considerations at the supramolecular, nano, and micro scales. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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