Dispersive interactions in water bilayers at metallic surfaces: A comparison of the PBE and RPBE functional including semiempirical dispersion corrections

The accuracy and reliability of the density functional theory (DFT)-D approach to account for dispersion effects in first-principles studies of watermetal interfaces has been addressed by studying several watermetal systems. In addition to performing periodic DFT calculations for semi-infinite substrates using the popular PBE and RPBE functionals, the water dimer and watermetal atom systems have also been treated by coupled-cluster calculations. We show that indeed semiempirical dispersion correction schemes can be used to yield thermodynamically stable water bilayers at surfaces. However, the actual density functional needs to be chosen carefully. Whereas the dispersion-corrected RPBE functional yields a good description of both the waterwater and the watermetal interaction, the dispersion-corrected PBE functional overestimates the energies of both systems. In contrast thereto, the adsorption distances predicted by the PBE functional is hardly changed due to the additional dispersion interaction, explaining the good performance of previous DFT-PBE studies of watermetal systems. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2012