Journal
NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-REAL WORLD APPLICATIONS
Volume 26, Issue -, Pages 289-305Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.nonrwa.2015.05.014
Keywords
Backward bifurcation; Fractional order; Vaccines; Global stability; Basic reproduction number
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61174155]
- Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu
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In this paper, a homogeneous-mixing population fractional model for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission, which incorporates anti-HIV preventive vaccines, is proposed. The dynamics of the model indicate that the basic reproduction number being the unity is a strict threshold for disease eradication when there is no vaccine. However, it has been shown that when the efficacy or dosage of vaccines is low, the model exhibits the phenomenon of backward bifurcation, where a stable disease-free equilibrium point (DFE) coexists with a stable endemic equilibrium point (EE) when the associated reproduction number is less than unity. Therefore, driving the basic reproduction number below the unity is not enough to eradicate the disease. A new critical value at the turning point should be deduced as a new threshold of disease eradication. We have generalized the integer LaSalle invariant set theorem into fractional system and given some sufficient conditions for the disease-free equilibrium point being globally asymptotical stability. Mathematical results in this paper suggest that improving the efficiency and dosage of vaccines are all valid methods for the control of disease. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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