Journal
NEW PHYTOLOGIST
Volume 208, Issue 3, Pages 887-903Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/nph.13506
Keywords
actinorhiza; biological nitrogen fixation; mycorrhiza; nodule inception; plant-microbe signalling; root hair deformation; root nodule symbioses
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Funding
- IRD
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-08- JCJC-0070-01, ANR-2010 BLAN-1708-01, ANR-12-BSV7-0007-01]
- United States Department of Agriculture [USDA NIFA 2010-65108-20581]
- IRD Department of Capacity-Building for Southern Scientific Communities (IRD-DPF)
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-12-BSV7-0007, ANR-08-JCJC-0070] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
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Root nodule symbioses (RNS) allow plants to acquire atmospheric nitrogen by establishing an intimate relationship with either rhizobia, the symbionts of legumes or Frankia in the case of actinorhizal plants. In legumes, NIN (Nodule INception) genes encode key transcription factors involved in nodulation. Here we report the characterization of CgNIN, a NIN gene from the actinorhizal tree Casuarina glauca using both phylogenetic analysis and transgenic plants expressing either ProCgNIN::reporter gene fusions or CgNIN RNAi constructs. We have found that CgNIN belongs to the same phylogenetic group as other symbiotic NIN genes and CgNIN is able to complement a legume nin mutant for the early steps of nodule development. CgNIN expression is correlated with infection by Frankia, including preinfection stages in developing root hairs, and is induced by culture supernatants. Knockdown mutants were impaired for nodulation and early root hair deformation responses were severely affected. However, no mycorrhizal phenotype was observed and no induction of CgNIN expression was detected in mycorrhizas. Our results indicate that elements specifically required for nodulation include NIN and possibly related gene networks derived from the nitrate signalling pathways.
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