Journal
NEW PHYTOLOGIST
Volume 209, Issue 2, Pages 664-678Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/nph.13612
Keywords
abiotic stress; Arabidopsis thaliana; ascorbic acid (AsA); calcium signaling; calmodulin (CaM); calmodulin-like (CML); phosphomannomutase (PMM)
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Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Science and Technology [NRF-2014R1A2A2A01005974]
- Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program - Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ011065]
- Korea University
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Calmodulins (CaMs) regulate numerous Ca2+-mediated cellular processes in plants by interacting with their respective downstream effectors. Due to the limited number of CaMs, other calcium sensors modulate the regulation of Ca2+-mediated cellular processes that are not managed by CaMs. Of 50 CaM-like (CML) proteins identified in Arabidopsis thaliana, we characterized the function of CML10. Yeast two-hybrid screening revealed phosphomannomutase (PMM) as a putative interaction partner of CML10. In vitro and in vivo interaction assays were performed to analyze the interaction mechanisms of CML10 and PMM. PMM activity and the phenotypes of cml10 knock-down mutants were studied to elucidate the role(s) of the CML10-PMM interaction. PMM interacted specifically with CML10 in the presence of Ca2+ through its multiple interaction motifs. This interaction promoted the activity of PMM. The phenotypes of cml10 knock-down mutants were more sensitive to stress conditions than wild-type plants, corresponding with the fact that PMM is an enzyme which modulates the biosynthesis of ascorbic acid, an antioxidant. The results of this research demonstrate that a calcium sensor, CML10, which is an evolutionary variant of CaM, modulates the stress responses in Arabidopsis by regulating ascorbic acid production.
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