Journal
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
Volume 28, Issue 21, Pages 3457-3462Publisher
AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2009.27.2153
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Funding
- Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique
- French Ministry of Education and Research
- French Ministry of Overseas Territories
- French Agency for Environmental and Occupational Health Safety
- Guadeloupean Division of Social, Health
- Welfare Affairs Directorate
- National Health Directorate
- Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer
- European Union [212844]
- Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique
- French Ministry of Education and Research
- French Ministry of Overseas Territories
- French Agency for Environmental and Occupational Health Safety
- Guadeloupean Division of Social, Health
- Welfare Affairs Directorate
- National Health Directorate
- Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer
- European Union [212844]
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Purpose Determining whether environmental estrogens are associated with the risk of prostate cancer may have important implications for our general understanding of this disease. The estrogenic insecticide chlordecone was used extensively in the French West Indies, contaminating the population for more than 30 years. We analyzed the relationship between exposure to chlordecone and the risk of prostate cancer. Patients and Methods We investigated 623 men with prostate cancer and 671 controls. Exposure was analyzed according to case-control status, using either current plasma concentration or a cumulative exposure index based on years of exposure. We genotyped two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs3829125 and rs17134592) in the gene encoding chlordecone reductase. Results We found a significant increase in the risk of prostate cancer with increasing plasma chlordecone concentration (odds ratio [OR], 1.77; 95% CI, 1.21 to 2.58 for the highest tertile of values above the limit of detection [LD]; P trend = .002) and for cumulative exposure index (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.04 to 2.88 for the highest quartile; P trend = .004). Stronger associations were observed among those with a positive family history of prostate cancer and among those who had lived in a Western country. The rs3829125 and rs17134592 allele variants were in complete linkage disequilibrium and were found at low frequency (0.04). Among subjects with plasma chlordecone concentrations above the LD, carriers of the allele variants had a higher risk of prostate cancer (OR, 5.23; 95% CI, 0.82 to 33.32). Conclusion These findings support the hypothesis that exposure to environmental estrogens increases the risk of prostate cancer.
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