Life with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: striving for 'controlled co-existence'

Aims and objectives To understand the meaning of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) for people and their response to this disease. Background COPD is a major cause of disability and death. The symptoms of COPD have the potential to impact on every aspect of a person's day-to-day life. To date most published qualitative studies have focused on the experience' of breathlessness and its impact on the person. Few studies have sought to understand' the meaning of COPD to people and their response to this disease. This study aimed to address this gap. Design Straussian grounded theory guided study design. Grounded theory was considered appropriate for this study because of its focus on how people respond to and act on the problems they encounter. Methods Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 26 people with COPD. Study participants were recruited from general practices on the western seaboard of Ireland. Results Two interrelated categories were identified as contributing to co-existing with COPD': hiding' and battling'. Co-existing with COPD' was conceptualised as the core category. The potential to co-exist' with COPD was influenced by mediating factors. Conclusion The Theory of Co-existing with COPD was generated from the data. This theory explains the delicate balance people with COPD maintain to co-exist with COPD'. Controlled co-existence' enables the person to feel in control and live life to the optimum. This is a fragile balance however and the unpredictability of COPD can tip the person into strained co-existence' or uncontrolled co-existence'. Relevance to clinical practice Understanding the experience of living with COPD and the balances involved in co-existing with COPD' can help health professionals provide more focused and empowered client care. Enabling people to achieve controlled co-existence' with COPD challenges health professionals to educate people with COPD on how to effectively manage their disease.