Journal
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
Volume 124, Issue 10, Pages 4197-4203Publisher
AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC
DOI: 10.1172/JCI72332
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Funding
- NIH [K08 AI108690]
- Faculty Career Development Award from Boston Children's Hospital
- Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America
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The past decade has witnessed an explosion in studies both clinical and basic science examining the relationship between the microbiota and human health, and it is now clear that the effects of commensal organisms are much broader than previously believed. Among the microbiota's major contributions to host physiology is regulation of the development and maintenance of the immune system. There are now a handful of examples of intestinal commensal bacteria with defined immunomodulatory properties, but our mechanistic understanding of how microbes influence the immune system is still in its infancy. Nevertheless,several themes have emerged that provide a framework for appreciating microbe-induced immunoregulation. In this Review, we discuss the current state of knowledge regarding the role of the intestinal microbiota in immunologic development, highlighting mechanistic principles that can guide future work.
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