Journal
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
Volume 123, Issue 9, Pages 3914-3924Publisher
AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC
DOI: 10.1172/JCI69493
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Funding
- Ministry of Education, Science of Japan [18590359, 22118007]
- Promotion of Fundamental Studies in Health Sciences of the National Institute of Biomedical Innovation (NIBIO) of Japan [06-31]
- Ono Foundation
- Daiko Foundation
- Tokyo Biochemistry Research Foundation
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [18590359, 22118007] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Bone remodeling is characterized by the sequential, local tethering of osteoclasts and osteoblasts and is key to the maintenance of bone integrity. While bone matrix-mobilized growth factors, such as TGF-beta, are proposed to regulate remodeling, no in vivo evidence exists that an osteoclast-produced molecule serves as a coupling factor for bone resorption to formation. We found that CTHRC1, a protein secreted by mature bone-resorbing osteoclasts, targets stromal cells to stimulate osteogenesis. Cthrc1 expression was robustly induced when mature osteoclasts were placed on dentin or hydroxyapatite, and also by increasing extracellular calcium. Cthrc1 expression in bone increased in a high-turnover state (such as that induced by RANKL injections in vivo), but decreased in conditions associated with suppressed bone turnover (such as with aging and after alendronate treatment). Targeted deletion of Cthrc1 in mice eliminated Cthrc1 expression in bone, whereas its deficiency in osteoblasts did not exert any significant effect. Osteoclast-specific deletion of Cthrc1 resulted in osteopenia due to reduced bone formation and impaired the coupling process after resorption induced by RANKL injections, impairing bone mass recovery. These data demonstrate that CTHRC1 is an osteoclast-secreted coupling factor that regulates bone remodeling.
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